The Variation of Chemical Constituents across Altitudes in the Himalayan Kumaon Region: Exploring Nature's Wonders
Abstract
This article investigates the variation in chemical constituents at different altitudes in the Himalayan region, specifically focusing on the Kumaon region. The study aims to understand the impact of altitude on the chemical composition of plants and its implications for ecological interactions and human health. Extensive field surveys were conducted across various altitudes, and plant samples were collected for chemical analysis. The results revealed significant variations in the chemical constituents of plants at different altitudes, including secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds. The study also identified specific altitude-dependent patterns, with certain compounds being more abundant or absent at particular altitudes. These variations in chemical constituents can be attributed to environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, and solar radiation, which change with altitude. The findings highlight the importance of considering altitude as a key factor in studying the chemical ecology of the Himalayan region. Understanding these variations can have significant implications for conservation efforts, pharmaceutical research, and traditional medicine practices in the region. Further research is needed to explore the ecological and physiological mechanisms underlying these altitude-related variations in chemical constituents.
Keywords:
chemical constituents
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References
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24. Suryawanshi, A., & Sharma, C.M. (2018). Altitudinal Variation in Soil Organic Carbon and Nutrient Content in the Nanda Devi National Park, Western Himalaya, India. Journal of Mountain Science, 15(11), 2326-2338.
25. Tewari, A., & Joshi, M. (2016). Altitudinal Variation in Soil Organic Carbon and Nitrogen Content in the Central Himalaya, India. Journal of Mountain Science, 13(2), 305-314.
26. Thakur, M.P., Singh, J.S., & Melick, D.R. (2010). Climate Change Impact: Altitudinal Range Shift of Avian Community in Himalaya. Current Science, 99(8), 1084-1088.
27. Bharat Pandey , Kamal K Pande , Prem Prakash Tri-pathi .(2022)Chromatographic Pharmacogenetic-Characterisation of important drugs( Unani Herbal)for their Identification. Nat Sci , 20(9):6-10
28. Tiwari, A., & Singh, J.S. (2004). Aboveground Biomass and Productivity of Alpine Birch-Rhododendron Scrub Forest in Kumaun, Central Himalaya. Tropical Ecology, 45(2), 235-245.
29. Uniyal, S.K., & Awasthi, A. (2000). Plant Species Diversity along an Altitudinal Gradient in the Central Himalayas: Implications for Conservation. Current Science, 79(2), 231-238.
30. Vashishtha, A.K., & Singh, J.S. (2003). Altitudinal Distribution Pattern of Ferns along an Eastern Himalayan Transect. Journal of Biosciences, 28(5)
31. T Kumar, KK Pande, A Mathur, M Koranga, B Pande, H Sharma Journal of Advanced Scientific Research 11 (4).
32. K Sajwan, S Sajwan, N Rai, RK Sharma, B Pandey, KS Khetwal J. Mod. Chemss. Chem. Technol. 3 (1–3), 54-58.
2. Chettri, N., Sharma, E., & Deb, D.C. (2002). Microcli-matic Variations and Implications for Biodiversity Conservation in the Sikkim Himalaya, India. Climate Research, 19(2), 127-139.
3. Dhar, U., Joshi, M., & Prasad, P. (2005). Effect of Altitude on Plant Species Diversity and Composition in Kumaon Himalaya, India. Mountain Research and Development, 25(2), 123-129.
4. Ghosh, S., & Singh, J.S. (2005). Plant Biodiversity in the Eastern Himalaya: Conservation Status, Monitoring, and Research. Biodiversity and Conservation, 14(8), 2107-2117.
5. Giri, K., & Mehta, P. (2019). Altitudinal Variation in Soil Microbial Biomass and Enzyme Activities in the Western Himalaya, India. Journal of Mountain Science, 16(2), 387-397.
6. Gupta, R.K., & Singh, J.S. (1995). Pattern of Plant Species Diversity along an Altitudinal Gradient of the Eastern Himalaya. Vegetatio, 121(1), 89-103.
7. Joshi, A.P., & Joshi, N.P. (2020). Altitudinal Variation in Soil Organic Carbon and Nitrogen in the Central Himalaya, India. Journal of Mountain Science, 17(10), 2586-2599.
8. Kala, C.P. (2005). Indigenous Uses, Population Den-sity, and Conservation of Threatened Medicinal Plants in Protected Areas of the Indian Himalayas. Conservation Biology, 19(2), 368-378.
9. Khuroo, A.A., Weber, E., & Malik, A.H. (2009). Altitudinal Distribution Patterns of the Flora of Kashmir Himalaya. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 157(1-4), 435-446.
10. Kumar, P., & Pandey, H.N. (2008). Altitudinal Varia-tion in Woody Species Diversity and Structure in a Humid Subtropical Forest along the Lesser Himalaya of Uttarakhand, India. Biodiversity and Conservation, 17(2), 399-416.
11. Negi, H.R., & Todaria, N.P. (2017). Altitudinal Varia-tion in Soil Nutrient Status and Microbial Biomass Carbon in the Western Himalaya, India. Environ-mental Monitoring and Assessment, 189(11), 546.
12. Pandey, H.N., & Singh, J.S. (1990). Comparative Analysis of Forest Structure and Composition in the Main Valley and Inner Valley of the Garhwal Himalaya, India. Vegetatio, 88(1), 151-161.
13. Phartyal, S.S., Thapliyal, R.C., & Joshi, G.C. (1997). Altitudinal Variation in Plant Species Diversity in Valleys of the Garhwal Himalaya, India. Mountain Research and Development, 17(4), 339-347.
14. Rawat, G.S., & Adhikari, B.S. (2003). Vegetation Pat-tern and Tree Regeneration across an Altitudinal Gradient in Central Himalaya, India. Journal of Vegetation Science, 14(1), 45-56.
15. Rawat, G.S., & Saxena, K.G. (1994). Structure, Composition, and Dynamics of Banj Oak (Quercus leucotrichophora) Forests in Central Himalaya, India. Vegetatio, 112(2), 109-126.
16. Rawat, R.S., & Singh, S.P. (2004). Vegetation Pattern along an Altitudinal Gradient in the Central Himalaya, India. Applied Vegetation Science, 7(1), 9-18.
17. Samant, S.S., Dhar, U., & Palni, L.M.S. (2001). Diversity, Endemism and Economic Potential of Wild Edible Plants of Indian Himalaya. International Journal of Sustainable Development and World Ecology, 8(4), 361-375.
18. Sharma, C.M., & Sharma, A. (2014). Altitudinal Variation in Soil Organic Carbon and Nutrient Content in the Western Himalayan Region. Journal of Earth Science & Climatic Change, 5(4), 1-6.
19. Singh, G., Rawat, G.S., & Negi, J.D.S. (2011). Altitudinal Variation in Soil Microbial Biomass C and N along a Coniferous Forest Altitudinal Transect in Western Himalaya, India. Journal of Plant Ecology, 4(3), 162-167.
20. Singh, J.S., & Singh, S.P. (1987). Forest Vegetation of the Indian Himalayas. Springer Netherlands.
21. Singh, K.K., & Singh, J.S. (1987). Floristic Analysis of Forest Communities at Different Elevations in the Kumaon Himalaya. Vegetatio, 69(1), 21-32.
22. Singh, S.P., & Singh, J.S. (1992). Structure and Func-tioning of Oak Forests along Altitudinal Gradient in Uttar Pradesh Himalaya. Vegetatio, 101(1-2), 131-138.
23. Singh, S.P., & Singh, J.S. (1993). Forest Vegetation of the Himalaya. Botanical Review, 59(4), 360-398.
24. Suryawanshi, A., & Sharma, C.M. (2018). Altitudinal Variation in Soil Organic Carbon and Nutrient Content in the Nanda Devi National Park, Western Himalaya, India. Journal of Mountain Science, 15(11), 2326-2338.
25. Tewari, A., & Joshi, M. (2016). Altitudinal Variation in Soil Organic Carbon and Nitrogen Content in the Central Himalaya, India. Journal of Mountain Science, 13(2), 305-314.
26. Thakur, M.P., Singh, J.S., & Melick, D.R. (2010). Climate Change Impact: Altitudinal Range Shift of Avian Community in Himalaya. Current Science, 99(8), 1084-1088.
27. Bharat Pandey , Kamal K Pande , Prem Prakash Tri-pathi .(2022)Chromatographic Pharmacogenetic-Characterisation of important drugs( Unani Herbal)for their Identification. Nat Sci , 20(9):6-10
28. Tiwari, A., & Singh, J.S. (2004). Aboveground Biomass and Productivity of Alpine Birch-Rhododendron Scrub Forest in Kumaun, Central Himalaya. Tropical Ecology, 45(2), 235-245.
29. Uniyal, S.K., & Awasthi, A. (2000). Plant Species Diversity along an Altitudinal Gradient in the Central Himalayas: Implications for Conservation. Current Science, 79(2), 231-238.
30. Vashishtha, A.K., & Singh, J.S. (2003). Altitudinal Distribution Pattern of Ferns along an Eastern Himalayan Transect. Journal of Biosciences, 28(5)
31. T Kumar, KK Pande, A Mathur, M Koranga, B Pande, H Sharma Journal of Advanced Scientific Research 11 (4).
32. K Sajwan, S Sajwan, N Rai, RK Sharma, B Pandey, KS Khetwal J. Mod. Chemss. Chem. Technol. 3 (1–3), 54-58.
Published
12/11/2023
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Pandey, B., K. K. Pande, and L. Pande. “The Variation of Chemical Constituents across Altitudes in the Himalayan Kumaon Region: Exploring Nature’s Wonders”. International Journal of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry, Vol. 4, no. 4, Nov. 2023, p. 59-, https://saap.org.in/journals/index.php/ijpc/article/view/516.
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